Evaluación del apego adulto: Evidencia de validez y confiablidad del Cuestionario de Experiencias en Relaciones Cercanas (ECR-12) en adultos emergentes ecuatorianos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50652025000100205Palabras clave:
Apego adulto, ECR, Ansiedad en el apego, Evitación en el apego, Adultos emergentes, Relaciones interpersonalesResumen
Introducción: A nivel internacional uno de los instrumentos más ampliamente utilizados para la evaluación del apego romántico es la Escala de Experiencias en Relaciones Cercanas (ECR), contando con validaciones para su uso en distintos países. Pese a ello, no se tiene conocimiento del estudio de las propiedades psicométricas de la versión breve de esta escala en el contexto ecuatoriano. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la estructura factorial e invarianza métrica según sexo del cuestionario de Experiencias en Relaciones Cercanas en el contexto ecuatoriano
Metodología: Se empleó un diseño de tipo instrumental y de corte psicométrico, evaluándose una muestra de 710 adultos emergentes (68.3% mujeres), con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 29 años (M=21.13; DE=2.94).
Resultados: A través de un análisis factorial confirmatorio, se identificó que la estructura bidimensional de la versión breve del ECR se replica satisfactoriamente en el contexto ecuatoriano. Además, el modelo de medida fue invariante entre hombres y mujeres. Se probaron dos modelos: uno con 12 ítems y otro con 11 ítems, siendo este último el que evidenció un mejor ajuste. En términos de su consistencia interna, ambas dimensiones (ansiedad y evitación en el apego) evidenciaron valores superiores a .90 tanto en el Alpha de Cronbach como en el Omega de McDonald.
Conclusión: Dadas las buenas propiedades psicométricas de la versión breve del ECR, este puede ser utilizado por investigadores y profesionales clínicos como una medida breve del apego romántico en adultos emergentes en Ecuador.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Omayck F. Valarezo-Bravo, Mónica Guzmán-González, Jefferson Elizalde-Sócola, Jorge Pérez-Rodríguez
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
