LA SUBJETIVIDAD EN EL ENFOQUE DEL DESARROLLO
CALIDAD DE VIDA, BIENESTAR SUBJETIVO Y CAPACIDADES
Palabras clave:
desarrollo., bienestar subjetivo, capacidades, calidad de vida, SubjetividadResumen
En las últimas décadas la calidad de vida (CV) y las valoraciones subjetivas del bienestar están adquiriendo protagonismo como indicadores de desarrollo. La incorporación teórica de estos elementos han sido canalizados en dos modelos: por un lado el modelo de la psicología positiva con el concepto de bienestar subjetivo (BS), el que lo considera como elemento necesario y suficiente para dar cuenta del desarrollo, y por otro, el enfoque de capacidades, en la línea que ha venido trabajando el PNUD y su Índice de Desarrollo Humano. En este trabajo se exponen los argumentos esgrimidos por ambos modelos y se discute el papel que juegan dentro del estudio del desarrollo. Como principal conclusión, si bien se plantea la ventaja teórica y práctica del enfoque de las capacidades por sobre el modelo de bienestar subjetivo, sin embargo, se considera pertinente complementar el estudio del desarrollo humano con la dimensión subjetiva.
Citas
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Biswas-Diener, R. & Diener, E. (2001). Making the best of a bad situation: Satisfaction in the slum of Calcutta. Social Indicators Research, 55, 329-352.
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Cummins, R.A.(2004). Moving from the quality of life concept to a theory. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49, 699-706.
D’Acci, L. (2011). Measuring Well-Being and Progress. Social Indicators Research, 104(1), 47-65.
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Diener, E. & Diener, C. (1995). The wealth of nations revisited: Income and quality of life. Social Indicators Research, 36, 275-286.
Diener, E.; Suh, E.M. & Oishi, S. (1997). Recent findings on subjective well-being. Indian Journal of Clinical Psychology, 24, 25-41.
Diener, E.; Suh, E.; Lucas, R. & Smith, H. (1999). Subjective well-being: three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125(2), 276-302.
Diener, E.; Napa-Scollon, C.K.; Oishi, S.; Dzokoto, V. & Suh, E. M. (2000). Positivity and the construction of life satisfaction judgments: Global happiness is not the sum of its parts. Journal of Happiness Studies: An Interdisciplinary Periodical on Subjective Well-Being, 1, 159-176.
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Diener, E. (2006). Guidelines for national indicators of subjective well-being and ill-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 7, 397- 404.
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Diener, E. & Lucas, R. (2008). Personality and subjective wellbeing. En O. John, R. Robins & L. Pervin (Eds.), Handbook of personality (3a Ed.). New York: Guilford.
Diener, E.; Lucas, R.; Schimmack, U. & Helliwell, J. (2009). Well-Being for public policy. Oxford: University Press.
Diener, E. & Tov, W. (2012). National Accounts of Well-being. En K, Land, A. Michalos & M. Sirgy (Eds.), Handbook of social indicators and quality of life research (pp. 137-156). New York: Springer.
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Eid, M. & Diener, E. (2004). Global judgments of subjective well-being: Situational variability and long-term stability. Social Indicators Research, 65, 245-277.
Eckersley, R. (2009). Population measures of subjective wellbeing: How useful are they? Social Indicators Research, 94(1), 1-12.
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Gill, T.M. & Feinstein, A.R. (1994). A critical Appraisal of the quality of life measurements. Journal of the American Medical Association, 272, 619-626.
Gilman, R.; Huebner, E.S. & Laughlin, J. (2000). A first study of the Multidimensional Students’ Life Scale with adolescents. Social Indicators Research, 52, 135-160.
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Graham, C. & Felton, A. (2005). Variance in Obesity across Cohorts and Countries: A no Norms-bases Explanation Using Happiness Surveys. Brookings Institutions CSED, 42.
Greenspoon, P. & Saklofske, D. (2001). Toward and integration of SWB and Psychopathology. Social Indicators Research, 54, 81-108.
Haas, B. (1999). Clarification and integration of similar quality of life concepts. Journal of nursing Scholarships, 31, 215-220.
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Cummins, R.A.(2004). Moving from the quality of life concept to a theory. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49, 699-706.
D’Acci, L. (2011). Measuring Well-Being and Progress. Social Indicators Research, 104(1), 47-65.
Díaz, E. (1996). Derecho y sociedad democratica. Madrid: Edicusa.
Díaz, D.; Rodríguez-Carvajal, R.; Blanco, A.; Moreno-Jiménez, B.; Gallardo, I.; Valle, C. & Van Dierendonck, D. (2006). Adaptación española de las escalas de bienestar psicológico de Ryff. Psichotema, 18(3), 572-577.
Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95, 542–575.
Diener, E.; Emmons, R. A.; Larsen, R. J. & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75.
Diener, E.; Larsen, R.J.; Levine, S. & Emmons, R.A. (1985). Intensity and frequency: Dimensions underlying positive and negative affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 1253-1265.
Diener, E. & Larsen, R.J. (1993). The experience emotional well-being. En M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 404-415). New York: Guilford Press.
Diener, E. & Diener, C. (1995). The wealth of nations revisited: Income and quality of life. Social Indicators Research, 36, 275-286.
Diener, E.; Suh, E.M. & Oishi, S. (1997). Recent findings on subjective well-being. Indian Journal of Clinical Psychology, 24, 25-41.
Diener, E.; Suh, E.; Lucas, R. & Smith, H. (1999). Subjective well-being: three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125(2), 276-302.
Diener, E.; Napa-Scollon, C.K.; Oishi, S.; Dzokoto, V. & Suh, E. M. (2000). Positivity and the construction of life satisfaction judgments: Global happiness is not the sum of its parts. Journal of Happiness Studies: An Interdisciplinary Periodical on Subjective Well-Being, 1, 159-176.
Diener, E. & Biswas-Diener, R. (2002). Will money increase subjective well-being. Social Indicators Research, 57, 119-169.
Diener, E.; Lucas, R.E. & Oishi, S. (2002). Subjective wellbeing: The science of happiness and life satisfaction. En C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 63–73). New York: Oxford University Press.
Diener, E.; Oishi, S. & Lucas, R.E. (2003). Personality, culture, and subjective wellbeing. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 403-425.
Diener, E. (2006). Guidelines for national indicators of subjective well-being and ill-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 7, 397- 404.
Diener, E.; Lucas, R. & Scollon, C.N. (2006). Beyond the hedonic treadmill: Revising the adaptation theory of well-being. American Psychologist, 61, 305-314.
Diener, E. & Lucas, R. (2008). Personality and subjective wellbeing. En O. John, R. Robins & L. Pervin (Eds.), Handbook of personality (3a Ed.). New York: Guilford.
Diener, E.; Lucas, R.; Schimmack, U. & Helliwell, J. (2009). Well-Being for public policy. Oxford: University Press.
Diener, E. & Tov, W. (2012). National Accounts of Well-being. En K, Land, A. Michalos & M. Sirgy (Eds.), Handbook of social indicators and quality of life research (pp. 137-156). New York: Springer.
Domínguez, M. & López, N. (2012). La dimension subjetiva en el estudio del desarrollo humano. Revista iberoamericana de estudios de desarrollo, 1(1), 103-113.
Eid, M. & Diener, E. (2004). Global judgments of subjective well-being: Situational variability and long-term stability. Social Indicators Research, 65, 245-277.
Eckersley, R. (2009). Population measures of subjective wellbeing: How useful are they? Social Indicators Research, 94(1), 1-12.
Felce, D. & Perry, J. (1995). Quality of life: Its definition and measurement. Research in developmental disabilities, 16, 51-74.
Frey, B. (2008). Happiness: A revolution in economics. Massachusetts: MIT Press.
Fordyce, M.W. (1988). A review of research on the Happiness Measures: A sixty second index of happiness and mental health. Social Indicators Research, 20, 355-381.
Gill, T.M. & Feinstein, A.R. (1994). A critical Appraisal of the quality of life measurements. Journal of the American Medical Association, 272, 619-626.
Gilman, R.; Huebner, E.S. & Laughlin, J. (2000). A first study of the Multidimensional Students’ Life Scale with adolescents. Social Indicators Research, 52, 135-160.
González, P. (2014). Felicidad, subjetividad y desarrollo. En J. C. Oyanedel & C. Mella (Eds.), Debates sobre el bienestar y la felicidad (pp. 77-104). Santiago: Ril editores.
Graham, C. & Felton, A. (2005). Variance in Obesity across Cohorts and Countries: A no Norms-bases Explanation Using Happiness Surveys. Brookings Institutions CSED, 42.
Greenspoon, P. & Saklofske, D. (2001). Toward and integration of SWB and Psychopathology. Social Indicators Research, 54, 81-108.
Haas, B. (1999). Clarification and integration of similar quality of life concepts. Journal of nursing Scholarships, 31, 215-220.
Helliwell, J.F.; Layard, R. & Sachs, J. (Eds.). (2013). World Happiness Report 2013. New York: UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network.
Hernández, B. & Valera, S. (2001). Capítulo 5: Felicidad, bienestar y calidad de vida desde la psicología social. En B. Hernández & S. Valera (Eds.), Psicología Social Aplicada e Intervención Psicosocial. España: Editorial Resma.
Hsee, C. K.; Yang, Y.; Li, N. & Shen, L. (2009). Wealth, warmth and wellbeing: Whether happiness is relative or absolute depends on whether it is about money, acquisition, or consumption. Journal of Marketing Research, 46(3), 396-409.
Heylighen, F. & Bernheim, J. (2000). Global progress: empirical evidence for ongoing increase in quality-of-life. Journal of Happiness Studies, 1(3), 323-349.
Inglehart, R. (1990). Culture shift in advanced industrial society. New York: Princeton University Press.
Kahneman, D. (1999). Objective happiness. En D. Kahneman, E. Diener & N. Schwarz (Eds.), Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology (pp. 3-25). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Keyes, C. (1998). Social well-being. Social psychology quarterly, 61(2), 121-140.
Labeaga, J.; Molina, J. & Navarro, M. (2011). Deprivation using satisfaction measures in Spain: An evaluation of unemployment benefits. Journal of Policy Modeling, 33(2), 287-310.
Larsen, R.J. & Diener, E. (1985). A multitrait-multimethod examination of affect structure: hedonic level and emotional intensity. Personality and Individual Differences, 6, 631-636.
Larsen, R.J.; Diener, E. & Emmons, R.A. (1985). An evaluation of subjective well-being measures. Social Indicator Research, 17, 1-17.
Larsen, R.J. & Eid, M. (2008). The science of subjective wellbeing. New York: Guilford.
Larsen, R.J. & Prizmic, Z. (2008). The regulation of emotional well-being: Overcoming the hedonic treadmill. En M. Eid & R. J. Larsen (Eds.), The science of subjective well-being (pp. 258-289). New York: Guilford.
Layard, R. (2005). La felicidad. Lecciones de una nueva ciencia. Madrid: Taurus.
Lucas, R.E.; Diener, E. & Suh, E. M. (1996). Discriminant validity of well-being measures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 616-628.
Loewe, D. (2012). Más allá del PIB per capita: el enfoque en las capacidades. En F. Cousiño & A. Foxley (Eds.). Chile rumbo al desarrollo: Mirada Crítica (pp.19-46). Santiago de Chile: Comisión Nacional Chilena.
Loewe, D. (2014). Contra la felicidad: Consideraciones criticas sobre el enfoque politico de la felicidad . En J. C. Oyanedel, & C. Mella (Eds.), Debates sobre el bienestar y la felicidad (pp. 17-54). Santiago: Ril Editores.
Lyubomirsky, S.; King, L. & Diener, E. (2005). The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success? Psychological Bulletin, 131, 803-855.
Meeberg, G.A. (1993). Quality of life: A concept analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 18, 32-38.
Michalos, A. (2004). Social Indicators research and health related quality of life research. Social Indicators Research, 65, 27-72.
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17-03-2014
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Sandoval Díaz, J. (2014). LA SUBJETIVIDAD EN EL ENFOQUE DEL DESARROLLO: CALIDAD DE VIDA, BIENESTAR SUBJETIVO Y CAPACIDADES. LÍMITE Revista Interdisciplinaria De Filosofía Y Psicología, 9(30). Recuperado a partir de https://revistalimite.uta.cl/index.php/limite/article/view/19
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